![]() Would just go straight through and then, occasionally, one And so, what he thought would happen was that all the particles Out all over the atom, the field is very weak. Positively-charged soup, and it turns out that the field, because the charge is spread To look at the electric field that's generated by this And what he predicted was that they would just go straight through. Mathematical predictions on what the alpha particles would do. So because Rutherford was starting with this in his mind for what the gold atoms looked like, he could actually do Scientists knew that atoms were neutral, so there had to be something there to cancel out the negativeĬharge of the electron. And this was mainly because the atom overall has to be neutral. Negatively-charged particles that are stuck inside the atom, but most of the atom is made up of a positively-charged soup. ![]() Looking something like a chocolate chip cookie. What a plum pudding is, because maybe you're not British, or maybe you just don't like dessert, you can also imagine it Thomson knew that electrons existed based on his experimental results, and he proposed, based on his results, that an atom looks something And we knew they were negatively charged, so I'm going to call them electrons 'cause we know they're electrons now. Mass of a Hydrogen atom, so way smaller than an atom. We knew that they were less than one percent the In it that were small, that were really small, So we knew the atom, the atom had these particles Thomson,Īnother physicist, had just discovered electrons. In history, where we, we being scientists way back then, knew that J. The time, was doing was, he was testing the plum pudding model. Think these alpha particles would just go straight But why was RutherfordĮxpecting that to happen here? It's not necessarily straightforward, at least to me, why you would And we have these pretty fast and massive alpha particles that we're shooting at it. So, if we look back at our quote, we would say that ourĪlpha particles here, the alpha particles are the bullets that are coming out of ourĪlpha particle gun, and gold foil is our tissue paper. He could learn a little bit about the structure of theĪtom using this experiment. And then, he shot the alpha particles at a piece of gold foil, a very thin piece of gold foil. Small hole in it on one side so that the radioactive alpha particles could come out of that hole in He took a piece of radium and he put it inside a lead box. And it doesn't have anyĮlectrons, and thus, it has a 2+ charge. Protons in the nucleus, since it's Helium, and Was curious at this time about alpha particles, which are, actually, at the time, he didn't know what they were, but we now know they are Helium, 2+ nuclei. Kinds of reactivity, and more specifically, he And he had done a lot of studies looking at the different He was friends with MarieĬurie and her husband, Pierre. Rutherford, at the time, hadīeen doing a lot of research on radioactivity. He said, about his experiment, he said, "It was as if you fired a 15-inch shell "at a piece of tissue paper, "and it came back and hit you." So let's talk about hisĮxperiment and what he was doing. A quote by a physicist as a comment on one of
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